Windows网络编程

前言

因为在写代码的时候感觉用VS太过臃肿，每次写个程序还要创建一个项目，并且特别占用空间，因此安装了mingw，可以在命令行中直接gcc编译，特别方便，安利一下～
并且在编译socket程序的时候，一定要加上-l wsock32选项，因为mingw默认没有包含windows库

TCP版本

SERVER端

#include <Winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
	WSADATA wsaData;
	WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0) {
		return 0; 
	}
	SOCKET sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	if (sListen == INVALID_SOCKET) {
		printf("socket error\n");
		return 0;
	}
	struct sockaddr_in sin;
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(4500);
	sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	if (bind(sListen, (LPSOCKADDR)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
		printf("socket error\n");
		closesocket(sListen);
		return 0;
	}
	if (listen(sListen, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
		printf("socket error\n");
		closesocket(sListen);
		return 0;
	}
	struct sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
	SOCKET sClient;
	int nAddrLen = sizeof(remoteAddr);
	char revData[255];
	while(TRUE){
		sClient = accept(sListen, (SOCKADDR*)&remoteAddr, &nAddrLen);
		if (sClient == SOCKET_ERROR) {
			printf("accept() error\n");
			continue;
		}
		printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));
		int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);
		if (ret > 0) {
			revData[ret] = 0x00;
			printf(revData);
		}
		char* buff = (char*)"\r\nHello, my friend\r\n";
		send(sClient, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
		closesocket(sClient);
	}
	closesocket(sListen);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;



}

CLIENT端

#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
	WSADATA wsaData;
	WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	SOCKET sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	if (sClient == SOCKET_ERROR) {
		printf("socket error\n");
		return 0;
	}
	struct sockaddr_in servAddr;
	servAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servAddr.sin_port = htons(4500);
	servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	if (connect(sClient, (SOCKADDR*)&servAddr, sizeof(servAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
		printf("socket error\n");
		closesocket(sClient);
		return 0;
	}
	char* buff = (char*)"\r\nHello, my friend\r\n";
	send(sClient, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
	char revData[255];
	int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);
	if (ret > 0) {
		revData[ret] = 0x00;
		printf(revData);
	}
	closesocket(sClient);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

编译

1 2	gcc server.c -o server -lwsock32 gcc client.c -o client -lwsock32

UDP版本

SERVER端

#include <WinSock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#include <stdio.h>


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	WSADATA wsaData;
	WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
	{
		return 0;
	}

	SOCKET serSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
	if (serSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket error !");
		return 0;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in serAddr;
	serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serAddr.sin_port = htons(8000);
	serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	if (bind(serSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind error !");
		closesocket(serSocket);
		return 0;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
	int nAddrLen = sizeof(remoteAddr);
	while (TRUE)
	{
		char recvData[255];
		int ret = recvfrom(serSocket, recvData, 255, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&remoteAddr, &nAddrLen);
		if (ret > 0)
		{
			recvData[ret] = 0x00;
			printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));
			printf(recvData);
		}

		char * sendData = "一个来自服务端的UDP数据包\n";
		sendto(serSocket, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&remoteAddr, nAddrLen);

	}
	closesocket(serSocket);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

CLIENT端

#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#include <stdio.h>


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	WORD socketVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA wsaData;
	if (WSAStartup(socketVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

	struct sockaddr_in sin;
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(8000);
	sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	int len = sizeof(sin);

	char * sendData = "Hello, my friend\n";
	sendto(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&sin, len);

	char recvData[255];
	int ret = recvfrom(sclient, recvData, 255, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&sin, &len);
	if (ret > 0)
	{
		recvData[ret] = 0x00;
		printf(recvData);
	}

	closesocket(sclient);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

编译

1 2	gcc server_udp.c -o server_udp -lwsock32 gcc client_udp.c -o client_udp -lwsock32

总结

对于TCP版本的程序来说

server 端：创建WSAStartup -》检测!=0 -》创建socket -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》声明sockaddr_in结构 -》bind -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》listen -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》进入循环 -》accept -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》接收、发送消息

1	client 端：创建WSAStartup -》检测!=0 -》创建socket -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》声明sockaddr_in结构 -》connect -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》发送、接收消息

对于UDP版本的程序来说

1	server 端：创建WSAStartup -》检测!=0 -》创建socket -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》声明sockaddr_in结构 -》bind -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》进入循环 -》发送、接收消息

1	client 端：创建WSAStartup -》检测!=0 -》创建socket -》检测SOCKET_ERROR -》声明sockaddr_in结构 -》发送、接收消息

TCP中，使用send和recv函数进行发送和接收消息
UDP中，使用sendto和recvfrom函数进行发送和接收消息